English Vocabulary

Lesson #236: Three Ways To Use ‘Been’, The Past Participle Of ‘To Be’

📙 “My dear Miss Catherine,” I began, too vividly impressed by her recent kindness to break into a scold, “where have you been riding out at this hour? And why should you try to deceive me by telling a tale? Where have you been? Speak!” – Emily Brontë, Wuthering Heights (1847) … You may remember […]

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Lesson #234: ‘To own her for a Friend’ (Emily Dickinson) – Making English a part of your thinking

To see her is a Picture – To hear her is a Tune – To know her an Intemperance As innocent as June – To know her not – Affliction – To own her for a Friend A warmth as near as if the Sun Were shining in your Hand. – Emily Dickinson, The Complete

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Lesson #233: ‘While’, ‘During’, ‘Meanwhile’, and Other Common Expressions of Simultaneity (Co-occurence)

📗 ‘It was in this scene of strife and bloodshed that the incidents we shall attempt to relate occurred, during the third year of the war which England and France last waged for the possession of a country that neither was destined to retain.’ – James Fenimore Cooper, The Last of the Mohicans: A Narrative

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Lesson #232 (Part 2): Homographs in ‘Bleak House’: English words that are spelled the same but are not related

Welcome to Part 2 of our Lesson on homographs! In Part 1 we already looked at what homographs mean (quick reminder: they are words that are spelled the same but have different meanings and often different pronunciations). We also covered some key homographs in the English language, starting with those word pairs that share the

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Lesson #232 (Part 1): Homographs in ‘Bleak House’: English words that are spelled the same but are not related

How familiar are you with homographs? 🤔 You might not recognise at first what a homograph means, but you have probably been using them (or at least noticing them) without even realising it! Homographs are basically words that are spelled the same but have different meanings. ✍️ Sometimes these word pairs are related because they

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Lesson #231: How two different tenses can be used together correctly in reported speech

Earlier this week we delved into (dived into) the ‘nuts and bolts‘ (an expression that means ‘everything relating to’) of direct and indirect speech. But of course, it takes time and space to cover such a large topic, and I noticed that some students had questions about the difference in tenses used in retelling indirect

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Lesson #230 (Part 2): ‘To say’ vs ‘to tell’: What you need to report Direct and Indirect speeches accurately

This Lesson post builds on what was covered in Part 1, so if you missed it why not quickly review our basic outline of ✏️ 1) what direct and indirect speeches are, ✏️ 2) the main differences between them, and ✏️ 3) how to correctly use the verbs ‘to say’ and ‘to tell’ in those

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Lesson #230 (Part 1): ‘To say’ vs ‘to tell’: What you need to report Direct and Indirect speeches accurately

For the last couple of years, I have been reading George Eliot’s Middlemarch throughout May and June. It has 8 books (or sections) and so I read one book per week, finishing one of the longest books in just 8 weeks! 📆 It is a marvellous work, and has in fact been described as ‘one

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Lesson #229: Reading for Appreciation: ‘A Psalm of Life’ by Henry Wadsworth Longfellow

As you may remember, every second Saturday we take the time to look at a poem from English or American literature. This week I am sharing with you a poem by the American poet Henry Wadsworth Longfellow (whose poem, ‘Paul Revere’s Ride’, we looked at in Lesson #187). 🖋️ As I thought about this poem

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Lesson #228: The transformative power of adjectives – a look at Kingsley’s ‘Water Babies’

I recently rediscovered a book on our shelves that my mother bought when we were children, and which I had been intending to read many times – only beginning now at last! 🗝️ 📗 This book, Charles Kingsley’s The Water Babies (1863), is about a chimney-sweep, that is, a little child who used to sweep

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Lesson #226: Two simple rules to help pronounce words beginning with ‘c’

Have you ever been reading aloud and come across a word you don’t know how to pronounce? 🤔 I can imagine that this happens to a good many students who are studying English. English pronunciation can be difficult to predict, partly because English words are derived from (they come from) many other languages with different

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Lesson #224: Reflecting on Emily Bronte’s Poem ‘Plead for Me’ (including new vocabulary list)

If you have been reading these Lesson posts for some time, you may remember how much I like Emily Bronte’s poetry. She was a poet I discovered only in the last few years, and I wonder how I could have been reading literature for so long and yet not have read her poetry before! I

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